2D-Nanolayer (2D-NL)-Based Hybrid Materials: A Next-Generation Material for Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells

Two-dimensional (2D) materials, an electrifying family of innovative have recently attracted wide attention due to their remarkable characteristics, primarily high optical transparency, exceptional metallic conductivity, mechanical strength, carrier mobility, tunable band gap values, and optimum work function. Interestingly, 2D-nanosheets/nanolayers (2D-NLs) might be synthesized into single/multi-layers using simple processes such as chemical vapor deposition (CVD), bath (CBD), liquid-phase exfoliation that simply enhance optoelectronic properties. However, the stability 2D-NLs is one most significant challenges limits commercialization. Researchers been focusing on with aim developing next-generation solar cells. Easily distinctive are based synthesis process, surface functional groups, modification other materials/hybrid materials thereby improve applicability hole transport layer (HTL) electron (ETL) in Moreover, metal/non-metal-based dopants significantly ability subsequently efficacy dye-sensitized cells (DSSCs). In this context, research has focused 2D-NL-based photoanodes working electrodes photoconversion efficiency (PCE) DSSCs. Herein, we mainly focus synthesizing 2D-NLs, during synthesis, stability, high-performing